how to dispose of ph buffer solution
Dodane 10 maja 2023/XObject << %PDF-1.5 % /Parent 5 0 R /Contents [20 0 R 21 0 R 22 0 R] pH4). 9 0 obj >> For more information and for disposal instructions for solid biohazardous waste, read How to Package and Dispose of Biohazardous and Medical Waste. /Length 9 hW_o6GcEI`/4eFVcdH2~nwmN:w8|+#I~x dBEZQ5CId\!dOPs9 Ethidium bromide-contaminated waste must be deactivated or collected as chemical waste by EHS. 1 0 obj Copyright 2023 Regents of the University of California. WebNon-Hazardous Substances Permitted for Drain Disposal: Non-toxic common salt solutions (sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride) Biological buffers with pH between 5.5 and 10 (phosphate buffers, TRIS, TAE, etc.) 9 0 obj /Kids [9 0 R] Any further questions, contact. Please reload the page. Formalin solutions containing less than 2.9% formaldehyde. To schedule a pickup of biohazardous, chemotherapeutic, or hazardous wastes, go to: Waste Pickups. /Resources <<>> For example, it is known that acidic buffer solutions can be kept for longer than alkaline solutions. Lastly, /Type /Page Guanidinium Chloride @ 50-100% Non-Hazardous Proprietary Ingredients @ Balance Chemical Hazardous Waste : Buffer AW2 . 1583 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<3C093330E028384BBA9C4CCA1B66CFF9>]/Index[1567 31]/Info 1566 0 R/Length 84/Prev 202386/Root 1568 0 R/Size 1598/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream It contains or is potentially contaminated with environmental microorganisms, plant and insect pathogens, or plant tissue cultures. Dilution of higher concentrations is not allowed. << stream endobj >> Calibration, verification, and maintenance solutions ensure high precision and uptime in pH, ORP, conductivity, ion and DO readings. endobj endobj >> +v]t]cG tF:{*M`p'&_Yz"gdW)|~7>fO_.g'wyL M%NOdYg:G, WcRTHD),/B*Gc j%{ 3< For starts, pKA of acetic acid is 4.76 (exercise 17.2.2 above) and so this is a very bad choice, but lets take a look. Single Point or 2 (Dual) Point. /Resources << Sodium Azide @ 0.1% Non-Hazardous Salt Buffer @ 99.9% Chemical /Font << << Hence, it is recommended to decant small amounts of buffers into separate cups and discard the contents of the cups when complete. For more information on whether a chemical not listed below can be discharged to the sewer, refer to the detailed sections in this guide or contact OCRS. >> Note: The table of acid ionization constants used to solve16.3.1 problem 17.2.3 had both Ka and pKa values, and if you are looking for an acid to make a buffer, looking at the pKa is much easier. No solids, sludges, or viscous substances, Will not interfere with sewage treatment operations, No hot (150F or higher) temperatures in volumes of more than 10 gallons, If you can't find a particular substance and aren't sure how to dispose of it, contact the. We recommend that you store your electrode in a solution of 4 M KCl. It does not store any personal data. The according material safety datasheets are available atPRO Certificate Search. WebDispose of the inactivated toxin solution down the drain with a large volume of water. This log should be retained with other hazardous waste information. What would be the acetate concentration if the acetic acid concentration is 0.10M? WebPhosphate Buffer (pH 7.2) was developed to provide a standardized medium for the preparation of sample dilutions. /Resources << /Parent 4 0 R The blood pH in the range of 7.45 to 7.35 is considered healthy, but outside of this range causes medical problems. When calibrating a pH controller, it is best to calibrate pH7 first and then to calibrate pH4 or pH10. At this point the \(log \frac{[salt]}{acid} =log1=0\) and pH=pKa . So the strategy for picking a buffer is choose an acid with a pKa close to the desired pH and then adjust the salt to acid ratio until they equal. Post your questions about chemistry, whether they're school related or just out of general interest. << Dispose of ethidium bromide staining and running buffer solutions in a closed container. << /ProcSet [/PDF /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI /Text] However, pH7 should be calibrated first. WebNon-Hazardous Substances Permitted for Drain Disposal: Non-toxic common salt solutions (sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride) Biological /Kids [9 0 R] Also, a log must record the date, quantity and chemicals being disposed. WebInorganic buffers (phosphate or bicarbonate based) Buffer solutions containing ethidium bromide that have been filtered, decontaminated, or destroyed. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. /Resources << /XObject << /d41783cf-9c7f-4ae9-8a27-ea37b55ff6bd 27 0 R Decant a small amount of pH4 buffer into a new separate cup. /Kids [11 0 R] Dispose of substances such as automotive oil, gear oil, and machinery grease as. Keeping old chemi-cals around is dangerous and takes up space. Dilution to bringthe alcohol concentration below 24% for disposal purposes is not allowed. /Parent 2 0 R /Subtype /Form DO NOT store electrode in distilled or deionized water this will cause ions to leach out of the glass bulb and render your electrode useless. >> Contact the Office of Clinical and Research Safety(OCRS) for assistance in applying these guidelines to your specific waste streams. /f05bbb64-3292-4bdc-af3f-9fb218e31222 32 0 R 7 0 obj /Count 1 endobj << Chloropropanes, chlorobutanes, chlorobutenes: Nucleus-chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, Side-chain chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons. Insert pH probe in cup, wait for reading to settle and calibrate slope point (i.e. >> WebHow do you dispose of your pH buffer. When calibrating with different buffer solutions, be very careful not to contaminate the buffers. There are two important characteristics of a buffer, the pH it maintains, and how much external acid or base it can handle, its capacity. /c04d54d5-1d2e-4ee4-ba99-bc459a21ac63 31 0 R +86'mCD-[r`MCs*F;RAia?}P4X|:h5xOZ'CC 2#oNS")$Lb=^Q|D{+x#T"_X(I_Z-qCx-fn 8Tl8ZSb r)Io! `Hkm!0o VQ8 Cd7qy]- 1|(\!A0BSz p3qv_W. Add distilled water until the volume is 1 L. << Consult the product information sheet for your biological toxin for specific instructions on inactivation: Autoclave, if heat labile (steam at 121C for 1 hour, up to 1 liter volume), or, Treat with NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite) at 1 2.5% (w/v) for 30 minutes (commercially available bleach solutions typically contain 3 6% (w/v) NaOCl, or Treat with NaOH (sodium hydroxide) at 1N for 30 minutes, or. /XObject << /XObject << In general: We guarantee that a solution in a freshly opened bottle meets its specifications provided that is still within its expiry date. Web3.394 g. 0.02459 M. Prepare 800 mL of distilled water in a suitable container. /Type /XObject << /Length 173 endstream /Filter /FlateDecode endstream endobj /Filter /FlateDecode A solution that is made by diluting 0.5 mol of acetic acid and 0.5 mol of Specifically, solutions containing these chemicals must not also contain chemicals specifically forbidden from sewer disposal. common salt solutions and cell culture media). A recommended procedure for calibration is as follows (assuming calibrating with pH7 and then pH4): If you do not have distilled or de-ionised water readily available for rinsing probes, you may use clean tap water. Equation 7.24.3 is called the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation and is often used by chemists and biologists to calculate the pH of a buffer. 7 0 obj /Parent 2 0 R /Type /Page The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". 8 0 obj /Kids [8 0 R] Separate carcasses and tissues from other disposable items (e.g., plastic and paper) whenever possible. /Parent 2 0 R Even if you added water and it did not react, the concentration would go down. If you are calibrating fairly infrequently, you may wish to consider using single-use solution sachets rather than bottled. Uses advised against Food, drug, pesticide or biocidal product use. )held by the lab for waste handling guidance and comply with those requirements should they be more stringent than the guidance presented here. This list contains examples of specific chemicals and does NOT include all chemicals that are forbidden from sewer disposal. /XObject << /Count 1 /20563bed-8773-429e-a5b5-58be6438cc3a 19 0 R If the percentage is greater than one percent, approval by OCRS is required. 15 0 obj endobj Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. x^ R R Phenol has a Ka of 1.0 x 10-10 and equal molar of phenol and its salt would work. From table 16.3.2 the pKb value for propylamine is 3.46, and a solution with a pH of 10 has a pOH of 4, so this is a reasonable choice. EHS Questions about Waste Disposal? pH Buffer solutions are required to calibrate a pH controller with a pH sensor (probe). The 3 most common pH buffer solutions are pH4, pH7 and pH10, and are usually a different colour to clearly distinguish between them. pH 4 is often red, pH7 green and pH10 blue. Note: You need to do this for bases. WebMineral acids and bases should be neutralized to a pH 5.5 to 9.0 rangebefore disposal see the recommended procedures inAppendix A. Organics Materials listed below in quantities up to about 100g or 100 ml at a time are suitablefordisposal down the drain while flushing with excess water. /CreationDate (D:20140806153100) x^}A E$a6]-@&]SD%QP`W&MM 3?o&NpiHKAz41%B}(,#9A-Ya00zQ{_-""em=>="/_aRss"xPi)n>]JJ! It's generally recommended then that opened bottles of buffer solution should be dispensed with after they have been opened for 6 months. If asked to calculate and appropriate base and conjugate acid pair to make a buffer of a certain pH, it is probably easier to convert the question to pOH. In alkaline solutions carbon dioxide from air may dissolve in the liquid and change the concentration of protons resulting in lower pH values. The following wastes mustNEVERbe discharged to the sanitary sewer in ANY concentration. However, as we have no means of knowing how a solution is stored once the bottle has been opened we cannot guarantee for the quality of the solution after that. This does not apply to any solution containing acetonitrile or any other organic solvent, which must be disposed of as hazardous waste. The 3 most common pH buffer solutions are pH4, pH7 and pH10, and are usually a different colour to clearly distinguish between them. >> You must neutralize solutions with a pH outside the range 5.5 to 9.5 before disposal. >> << stream Note: Protect drains from chemical spills do not use sinks for chemical storage or secondary containment. Double junction reference electrode inner fill solution, equitransferent solution with Ag/AgCl, 5 x 60 mL. Ethidium Bromide and Acrylamide Waste. The following chemicals may be discharged to the sewer in concentrations of approximately one percent or less. For chemical disinfection of liquid biohazardous waste, the only university-wide approved disinfectant for UC San Diego is bleach. 2020 Convergent Water Controls Pty Ltd. All rights reserved. >> )D ?rHwvRLkk\].~NJ6( 50A( /BBox [.00 .00 816.00 1056.00] >> A buffer is a solution that maintains a constant pH when an external acid or base is added to it. /Pages 2 0 R /Resources << 6 0 obj Treatment to bring the pH of a RCRA Regulated Chemical within this range is not allowed. RECAL offers the following advantages: Tested and Certified by Reagecons ISO 17025 Accredited Test Method. UC San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093 (858) 534-2230, Autoclaving Guidelines for Biohazardous Waste, How to Package and Dispose of Biohazardous and Medical Waste, Controlled Substances: Managing Inventory, How to Store and Dispose of Radioactive Waste, How to Store and Dispose of Hazardous Chemical Waste, Known Hazardous and Extremely Hazardous Waste, How to Dispose of Photo and X-ray Processor Waste, Managing Photo and X-ray Processor Equipment. The concept of buffer capacity is the same for weak bases and their conjugate acids, except that you use pOH and pKb in the equations, and sometimes those get tricky as you convert them back to pH. As the reading needs to be spot on, it is best to discard the buffer you have decanted to take the measurement, and NEVER pour it back in the bottle as the buffer would then be contaminated. /Length 9 You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. endobj Whatever goes down the drain ends up in the ocean, so the San Diego Metropolitan Wastewater Department strictly regulates sewer waste. > pH7) then you will calibrate with pH7 and then pH10. /Kids [4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R] These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Keep in suitable containers for disposal. >> 5 0 obj 13 0 obj I am a bit confused as to what I should do instead. Use this guide to determine the appropriate disposal procedures for laboratory waste outside of the College of Veterinary Medicine. >> Do exercise 17.2.3. /ProcSet [/PDF /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI /Text] /Parent 6 0 R /Kids [4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R] endstream endobj 1568 0 obj <>/Metadata 41 0 R/Outlines 54 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 1565 0 R/StructTreeRoot 169 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 1569 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 1570 0 obj <>stream stream << >> WebWard's pH Buffer Kit Supplier: ALDON CORP SE Includes 500 ml each of buffer solution pH 10, pH 4, and pH 7. x^+ r r << Our Mission:Personalizing the patient experience through our caring spirit and distinctive capabilities, Vanderbilt Health recognizes that diversity is essential for excellence and innovation. If the blood pH decreases to /Contents [24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R] Note: Equations \ref{17.2.9} and \ref{17.2.10} are for solutions where the acid and its salt are of equal concentrations, and only then is \(pH=pK_a\). /Kids [10 0 R] WebRECAL is a range of pH Buffers in a wide mouth disposable container which can be used for direct calibration of the electrode and then discarded after use. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Lets consider an acid and its salt, but realize we could apply this to a base and its salt. >> >> But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Legal Notice | Privacy Policy, 2220 Circle Dr. >> << /Type /Page Ithaca, NY 14850. /Count 1 Fire Protection Impairment and Fire Watch, Flu Planning Checklist For Event & Program Coordinators, Infectious Disease Preparedness for Event Planners, Mobile Vending and Food Truck Operations Requirements, Other Resources and Procedures for Safety, Biological Safety Manuals and Other Documents, Hazard Assessment and Signage Program (HASP), Dry Ice, Formaldehyde, Lithium Batteries, GMO's, Emergency Management and Business Continuity, Red Sharps Disposal Container into Regulated Medical Waste, Yellow Sharps Disposal Container into RMW Bin, Red Sharps Disposal Container into RMW Bin, Red Sharps Disposal Container into RMW Bin -- - - - - - OR - - - - - - -, Puncture Resistant Container into Regular Trash, Consult hazardous waste manual or Contact EHS, Clear Bag into RMW or Designated Carcass Bin, Treat with disinfectant (e.g., 1:10 dilution of household bleach) or Autoclave, then dispose down the drain with a large volume of water, Consult appropriate waste manual or Contact EHS before generating such waste. endstream /Type /Page /Filter /FlateDecode Call EHS! endobj The MSDS for the 4 mentions it contains formaldehyde and that I shouldn't be dumping it down the sink. When the concentration of the acid equals the salt, the buffer can neutralize equal amounts of an external acid or base. Collect solutions and pure material for disposal. Toxin Inactivation - below are commonly used inactivation procedures, though they may not be suitable for your particular toxin. /646504c8-1544-4ea9-9b44-479d686f305e 33 0 R %PDF-1.4 /ProcSet [/PDF /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI /Text] I have a range of sodium hydroxide solutions with different concentrations. /Parent 5 0 R Cleveland, /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] For acutely toxic waste items, including the original containers from manufacturer, consult the Hazardous Waste Manual or contact EHS. Our Vision:The world leader in advancing personalized health Two Ways to Make a Buffer Mix a weak acid (or base) with a soluble salt of its conjugate. Single point calibration is usually done with the pH probe in the process water and the user calibrates the instrument to force the controller to read the same as the users independent test results. Rinse probe with distilled water (or pH7 buffer) and dry with paper towel. Buffer solutions and other solutions containing ethidium bromide or acrylamide in any concentration and ethidium Please note that application of some regulatory requirements to laboratory waste streams is extremely complicated. Waste disposal << This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Treat with a combination of 0.25% NaOCl and 0.25N NaOH for 30 minutes or treat with another recognized inactivating solution. >> endstream endobj startxref For example it is known that acidic buffer solutions can be kept longer than alkaline ones since carbon dioxide from air may dissolve in the liquid and change the concentration of protons towards lower pH values. A test certificate of all calibration solutions and many electrolytes can be downloaded by visiting Buffer. >> z_T=VjkSRI,`U}77Yv0*'ns-..!-|7BY@_[@\LKKB\0\N@9W=(hwmhTx's *fu~KTy#SLN0T This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. note, we often omit the spectator ions (sodium) in these equations, and are implying that A- is the anion of a salt. /Resources << Adjust the pH to greater than 5.0 and less than 12.5 and then dispose of it down the drain. Adjust solution to final desired pH using HCl or NaOH. /Title (Error) Obtain fast and accurate results with our melting point apparatus. The internal acid and base can't neutralize each other. Yes, the pH 4, 7, and 10 buffers I checked out the << How can you easily dispose of these? >> /MediaBox [.00 .00 595.00 842.00] Vanderbilt University Medical Center % WebProduct name : Buffer Solution pH 10.00 Product code : LC12500 . /Resources <<>> >> >> endobj /Type /Catalog << These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. 15 0 obj For more information on whether a chemical not listed below can be discharged to the sewer, refer to the detailed sections in this guide or contact OCRS. Robert E. Belford (University of Arkansas Little Rock; Department of Chemistry). stream Literature: White Papers, Guides, Brochures. It is recommended to write the pH value on the cap of each bottle to prevent them getting mixed up. /Count 1 >> NEVER pour decanted buffer solution back into the original bottle. /Contents [16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R] endobj Also please don't use this sub to cheat on your exams!! Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company The filters that have been used up and are no longer effective must be disposed of through the HWMU. Rinse probe with distilled water (or pH4 buffer) and dry with paper towel. Adding an Acid converts A- to HA. << 1597 0 obj <>stream >> We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. /Font << Legal. Decant liquid away from carcasses, and dispose of the liquid appropriately (e.g., formalin and ethanol as chemical waste through EHS, buffer solutions as biohazard liquid waste). Read, Disposal method (sewering, hazardous waste pickup). We are committed to an inclusive environment where everyone has the chance to thrive and to the principles of equal opportunity and affirmative action. If so, then disposal is usually down the drain with water. Yes, the pH 4, 7, and 10 buffers I checked out the MSDS for each of them and it specifically says not to dispose in the drain. I just checked the Fisher Red 4.00 SDS and I see what you mean! /XObject << Coordinate with animal facility manager, especially with large animal carcasses. /Length 5359 This kind of waste is always considered hazardous chemical waste. /Resources << >> For higher concentrations: For concentrated, unused processor chemicals and other spent solutions: Some chemicals are hazardous in any concentration. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. The breadth, depth and veracity of this work is the responsibility of Robert E. Belford, rebelford@ualr.edu. acid-base water concentration safety Share Improve this question Follow asked Nov 14, 2019 at 11:48 CWrecker 119 1 4 4 /6944648e-d7f0-4a5e-90dd-d46f63f6dabd 32 0 R Waste is considered Contaminated with a Biohazard if it contains or is potentially contaminated with human infectious agents, viral vectors used with human and animal cell culture, biologically-derived toxins, human blood and body fluids, all human and animal cell cultures, or fluids and tissues from infected animals. 2 0 obj This is done by having an internal acid and base within the buffer solution, andthe internal acid and base can not neutralize each other (they must be a conjugate pair). Typically if you are operating in the acidic range (i.e. /Parent 7 0 R Precautionary statements None. /ProcSet [/PDF /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI /Text] /MediaBox [.00 .00 612.00 792.00] 1 0 obj endobj These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. /Title (Error) FJ+z.\'OH~N.F.%Ovyz^}22RA{SSz*f* Waste is considered Contaminated with Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid (r/sNA)if any recombinant or synthetic nucleic acids or genetically modified organisms (e.g., bacteria, plants, insects, and animals) are present. Note: from problem 17.2.2 the acetate concentration of a 0.10M acetic acid solution would be 17,000M, which is impossible, and so this buffer can not be made. So the pH of our buffer solution is equal to 9.25 plus the log of the 3 0 obj endobj >> 6 0 obj 14 0 obj I just got a new pH meter with some fisher scientific buffer solution. Internal Base- that neutralizes an external acid that has been added to the solution, preventing acid's hydronium from lowering the pH. >> 4 0 obj 10 0 obj /Filter /FlateDecode If so, then disposal is usually down the drain with water. /ExtGState << endobj This concentration is nonhazardous and can go down the drain: NO, unless its concentration is less than 8%. Non-glass biohazard items that can puncture bags (e.g., plastic pipettes, micropipette tips, swabs and sticks) may be placed in a puncture resistant container (e.g., cardboard box lined with biohazard plastic bag, biohazard labeled recycled plastic container) or manufactured burn-up bin. Waste is considered Contaminated with Other Biologicals if the contents are not infectious to humans or animals, and are not considered r/sNA. WebIn case of spill or leak: In case of spill or leak, wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Both these points are achieved by inserting the pH probe in pH7 buffer first (zero point) and pH4 or 10 next (slope point). General tips for long time storage: Find information in the operating manuals, the pH guide booklet and in the pH TroubleShooter on www.electrodes.net. {Ad`0pP1P|;CkWKm|Vs4tp4x4X4tu$,H1?dF>5oMScih ~%:u~C *( >> For the collection of acrylamide gels that contain ethidium bromide, dispose of in a lined five-gallon plastic pail. \(0.50molNaOH)\left (\frac{1molNaC_2H_3O_2}{1molNaOH}\right)=0.50molNaC_2H_3O_2\), Final mols excess reagent (acetic acid) after complete consumption of limiting reagent << Soak up spillage with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Note: If \([HA]\neq[A^-]\) the strength of a buffer with respect to external acids and bases are different. 7. endstream pHuture Electrodes. /Parent 6 0 R The Henderson Hasselbach equation is preferred over eq 17.2.8 not only because hydronium ion concentration is typically measured in terms of pH, but also because it makes it easy to identify the pH it works at, and the buffer capacity, how much external acid or base it can neutralize. Disposal of hazardous waste using sinks, intentional evaporation, or as regular trash is against the law. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Mix a weak acid (or base) with a soluble salt of its conjugate. Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, V Oak Leaf Design, Monroe Carell Jr. Childrens Hospital at Vanderbilt and Vanderbilt Health are trademarks of The Vanderbilt University. endobj >> Materials characterization with our comprehensive portfolio of instruments, powerful software and a wide selection of accessories and crucibles. /Length 9 However, this method is not that accurate. The pH must be above 3 and below 9. The ideal pH or pOH for a buffer to work at is the pK value of the acid or base that makes the buffer. endobj Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. Also includes 100 ml of electrode storage solution, KCl. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Always contact a permitted waste disposer (TSD) to assure compliance. Sewer discharges of these chemicals must not be prohibited for any other reason. This is one of the reasons one chooses an acid whose pKa equals the pH the buffer needs to maintain. endobj Accurate digital density meters for a wide range of applications. endobj WebThe blood maintains its pH of ~7.4 primarily by the carbonic acid/hydrogen carbonate buffer system. Wastes must NOT be intentionally diluted to comply with sink/sewer disposal requirements. >> Serological pipettes can puncture bags when randomly mixed with other disposable items in plastic biohazard bags. pHuture pH electrode fill solution, 5 x 60 mL. Obtain fast and accurate results with our automated dropping point apparatus. /0a29168b-f1ce-4d36-a632-79d608c0c387 15 0 R \[pH=pK_a+\textcolor{red}{\cancel{\log \dfrac{[salt]}{acid}}} \label{17.2.9}\], This can can also be seen by Equation \ref{17.2.8} where [A-] = [HA] and, \[K_{a}=\dfrac{[H^+]_e \textcolor{red}{\cancel{[A^-]_i}}}{ \textcolor{red}{\cancel{[HA]_i}}} \label{17.2.10}\].
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